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Corporate finance | Political institutions

Changes in the Electorate and Firm Values: Evidence from the Introduction of Female Suffrage in Switzerland


Paper

Jörg Stahl
Author: Jörg Stahl

Nbr. Publication(s): 2
Position: Assistant professor
Affiliation: Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Member of PolEconFin since: 30 Jul 2021


This paper analyzes the effect of the composition of the electorate on corporate prospects. Electorates constantly change, and support-maximizing policymakers adjust their legislative behavior to accommodate shifts in voter preferences. If the policy adjustments affect individual firms or entire industries, anticipating the effects is crucial for corporate decision-makers. In this paper, I analyze a large-scale shock to the composition of the electorate – the introduction of female suffrage in Switzerland in 1971. Using a hand-collected dataset on Swiss firm level data and security prices, I show that investor responses and firm profitability are sensitive to expected changes in government policies that reflect female voters’ preferences. The results emphasize that considering the evolution of the electorate and its impact on policymaking should be an integral part of corporate strategies.


# Tags: Corporate prospects | Electoral politics | Female suffrage | Policy changes


Link to Paper
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